What happens to iron in the presence of moisture and air?

Iron reacts with moisture and air through a process called oxidation, leading to the formation of iron oxide, commonly known as rust. This chemical reaction occurs when iron combines with oxygen in the presence of water, resulting in a red-brown compound that significantly compromises the integrity of the metal.

Rusting is detrimental as it weakens iron structures over time, leading to material failures in everything from small tools to large buildings. This phenomenon underscores the importance of protecting iron surfaces from moisture and exposure to air, often through coatings, painting, or galvanization.

Understanding this process is crucial for many applications, including construction, manufacturing, and maintenance of equipment, highlighting the significance of corrosion prevention strategies.